So, What Are Executive Functions?
Think of executive functions as the brain’s command center. These skills live in the prefrontal cortex and help with things like planning, focus, memory, and self-control. They’re basically the tools we use to get stuff done and avoid turning into a hot mess.
Here’s the quick rundown of what they include:
- Working Memory: Holding info in your brain while using it (like solving math problems or following multi-step instructions).
- Inhibitory Control: Stopping yourself from doing things you shouldn’t (e.g., not shouting out in class or eating a whole bag of cookies before dinner).
- Cognitive Flexibility: Adjusting when things don’t go as planned (like switching strategies during a game or handling changes in the schedule).
Why Do Executive Functions Matter?
Kids need these skills to handle everyday tasks like remembering homework, staying focused in class, or even making friends. But here’s the kicker: these skills take years to fully develop. They’re like Wi-Fi in a rural area—some days it’s great, other days it’s glitchy, and it always takes longer to get up to speed than you want.
For parents, this might explain why your kiddo can crush it in Fortnite but “forgets” to brush their teeth every single night. Teachers, this might be why certain kids struggle to follow multi-step instructions or get overwhelmed when plans change.
What Can Impact Executive Functions?
Lots of things! Stress, lack of sleep, or even hunger can make these skills take a nosedive. Developmental disorders like ADHD or autism can also make executive functions extra tricky. But—and this is important—executive functions are skills that can improve over time with practice and support.
Supporting Executive Functions at Home and in the Classroom
Let’s keep this real. Helping kids strengthen these skills isn’t about fancy apps or complicated programs. It’s about meeting them where they’re at and giving them tools to succeed.
- For Parents: Start small. Use visual reminders (charts, sticky notes) and help break tasks into bite-sized steps. And, yes, it’s okay to remind them for the 500th time to pack their lunch.
- For Teachers: Routines are your BFF. Predictable schedules and clear instructions help kids know what’s expected. And if a student forgets their homework, try to help them problem-solve rather than just punish—it builds those brain muscles.
A Quick Reminder
Nobody’s executive functions are perfect 24/7—not yours, not your kid’s, not even that one student who seems to have it all together. Understanding this can make a huge difference in how we respond to the challenges kids face. When you see that struggle, remember: it’s not about laziness or defiance. It’s about a brain that’s still learning how to get it together.
With patience and a little creativity, you can help kids build these skills and set them up for success—not just in school, but in life.
That’s it for now! Let me know if you have questions or your own tips to share. I’d love to hear them.
